过敏和COVID-19:如何区分
这两者之间有一些重叠。以下是如何知道发生了什么。
虽然春天的开始通常会带来良好的新闻温暖的温度，更长的日子，撤退的寒冷和流感季节 - 这可能是许多美国人非常悲惨的东西：过敏季节．再加上COVID-19仍在美国传播，人们可能会对他们经历的任何流鼻涕或打喷嚏感到格外紧张。
就像感冒和流感的症状一样，你正在遭受的症状季节性过敏——也就是过敏性鼻炎或花粉热——看起来可能与COVID-19非常相似。
但是，即使你是过敏患者，也没有理由恐慌:也有一些过敏主要还有两组症状之间的差异。以下是专家们介绍的如何区分冠状病毒和普通季节性过敏的方法。
季节性过敏症状与COVID-19症状相比如何?
的美国过敏学院，哮喘和免疫学他指出，过敏通常发生在你的免疫系统对某些东西过度反应时，而这些东西在别人身上通常是无害的。对于季节性过敏患者来说，这意味着他们的身体对花粉、草和/或豚草等过敏原的反应不好。通常伴随过敏的症状包括:
除了这些症状，Marc F. Goldstein，MD，宾夕法尼亚州医院医院和医疗顾问的过敏和免疫学，解释说，季节性过敏的人也可能会出现瘙痒，水汪汪或浮肿的眼睛;和痒的鼻子，喉咙和耳朵。他还指出，哮喘的人们也可能会加剧他们的症状。
至于Covid-19的症状，疾病控制和预防中心美国疾病控制与预防中心说，这种病毒会引起从轻微到严重的各种症状。这并不是所有症状的详尽列表，但美国疾病控制与预防中心表示，以下是COVID-19感染最常见的症状:
- 发热
- 呼吸急促（气促）
- 干咳
- 疲劳
- 肌肉或身体疼痛
- 头痛
- 损失的味觉或气味
- 咽喉痛
- 鼻塞或流鼻涕
- 恶心或呕吐
- 腹泻
根据美国疾病控制与预防中心的说法，以下是COVID-19诊断常见或可能出现的症状与季节性过敏更可能出现的症状的完整比较
|
迹象或症状 |
新型冠状病毒肺炎 |
过敏 |
|
发烧和发冷 |
是的 |
不 |
|
肌肉和身体疼痛 |
是的 |
不 |
|
损失的味觉或气味 |
是的 |
不 |
|
恶心或呕吐 |
是的 |
不 |
|
腹泻 |
是的 |
不 |
|
咳嗽 |
是的 |
是的 |
|
呼吸急促或呼吸困难 |
是的 |
是的 |
|
疲劳 |
是的 |
是的 |
|
头痛 |
是的 |
是的 |
|
咽喉痛 |
是的 |
是的 |
|
鼻塞或流鼻涕 |
是的 |
是的 |
|
眼睛发痒或流泪 |
不 |
是的 |
|
打喷嚏 |
不 |
是的 |
尽管两者之间的许多症状是相同的，如咳嗽、头痛和疲劳，但你会注意到两者之间的一些非常关键的区别，这可以帮助你区分你可能患的是哪种病。
首先，可能也是最重要的:COVID-19可以导致发烧;过敏不能。戈尔茨坦博士说:“患有COVID-19呼吸道疾病的人通常会伴有咳嗽和呼吸短促的发烧，所以发烧是一个很大的区别。”另一个主要区别是，过敏也会伴有一定程度的瘙痒，而冠状病毒不会。虽然在这两种情况下都可能打喷嚏，但过敏的人往往更容易出现鼻腔问题。“有过敏症的人经常会打喷嚏，而且停不下来。感染冠状病毒的人打喷嚏的次数越来越少，所以打喷嚏的频率也越来越低，”戈德斯坦博士说。
你也可以自己做一些调查工作来确定你的症状的原因，比如检查你所在城镇的花粉数量。戈尔茨坦博士表示:“如果你生活在春季花粉尚未被采集到的地区，那么这些症状不太可能是季节性过敏引起的。”这是因为“冠状病毒症状与花粉数量无关。”
过敏和冠状病毒之间的其他差异是什么？
最重要的区别之一(如果不是的话)的在这两种情况之间，冠状病毒具有极强的传染性，而季节性过敏则不是。“认为自己可能接触过或出现了冠状病毒类型症状的人应该进行检测和隔离，以防止进一步传播。在某些情况下，冠状病毒患者确实需要住院，”Goldstein博士说。
根据疾病预防控制中心，Covid-19差价主要是通过受感染者咳嗽和打喷嚏时喷出的飞沫进行人与人之间的直接接触。虽然过敏患者仍然会咳嗽和打喷嚏，但飞沫是不会传染的(当然，除非过敏患者也生病了)。
戈尔茨坦博士还指出，过敏患者对自己的症状都太熟悉了:“他们开始期待症状如何从过敏流到胸部的模式，”他说。“冠状病毒感染者会有不同的模式，咳嗽或打喷嚏的感觉也可能不同。”
话虽如此，在这个过敏季节，戈尔茨坦医生鼓励过敏患者在社会上意识到他们的症状可能对他们周围的人造成的后果。他解释说:“由于过敏和冠状病毒的一些症状有重叠，过敏患者现在有可能不必要地激怒或惊吓周围的人。”“因此，过敏治疗在这个春天变得更加重要——不仅对缓解过敏患者自己的症状，对他们周围的人也很重要!”
截至发稿时，这篇报道中的信息是准确的。然而，随着围绕COVID-19的形势继续发展，一些数据可能自发布以来发生了变化。在《健康》杂志努力使我们的故事尽可能最新的同时，我们也鼓励读者通过使用疾病预防控制中心，谁以及当地的公共卫生部门作为资源。
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You might have wild dreams when you're ill—fever can do that. But bizarre or emotionally intense fever dreams are not recognized as a symptom of COVID-19.
" }, { "answer_choices": [ { "answer_title": "Wear a mask", "correct_answer": false, "answer_id": "A1", "answer_value": 0, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 7094, "lastModified": "2021-09-01T23:20:37.000Z" } }, { "answer_title": "Wash your hands", "correct_answer": false, "answer_id": "A2", "answer_value": 0, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 42307, "lastModified": "2021-09-01T22:50:51.000Z" } }, { "answer_title": "Maintain social distance from others", "correct_answer": false, "answer_id": "A3", "answer_value": 0, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 6406, "lastModified": "2021-09-01T21:09:08.000Z" } }, { "answer_title": "Wipe down groceries packaged in cardboard or plastic wrap with bleach", "correct_answer": true, "answer_id": "A4", "answer_value": 1, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 57615, "lastModified": "2021-09-01T23:16:09.000Z" } } ], "answer_type": "text", "question_title": "To slow the spread of COVID-19, don't do this:", "question_id": "Q3", "answer_description": "CDC specifically warns against using disinfecting products on food or food packaging. You don't want to accidentally taint your food. Plus, the risk of COVID-19 from handling or consuming food is thought to be low. Use disinfectants like bleach to wipe down tables, countertops, and faucets
" }, { "answer_choices": [ { "answer_title": "A multi-layer medical procedure mask (aka a surgical mask or disposable face mask)", "correct_answer": false, "answer_id": "A1", "answer_value": 0, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 9139, "lastModified": "2021-09-01T23:16:09.000Z" } }, { "answer_title": "A mask with a vent or valve", "correct_answer": true, "answer_id": "A2", "answer_value": 1, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 80914, "lastModified": "2021-09-01T23:13:39.000Z" } }, { "answer_title": "A cloth mask made of two or more breathable, washable layers", "correct_answer": false, "answer_id": "A3", "answer_value": 0, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 17937, "lastModified": "2021-09-01T23:20:37.000Z" } }, { "answer_title": "A cloth mask over a surgical mask", "correct_answer": false, "answer_id": "A4", "answer_value": 0, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 5431, "lastModified": "2021-09-01T21:40:16.000Z" } } ], "answer_type": "text", "question_title": "Which masking option is least effective for stopping the spread of COVID-19?", "question_id": "Q4", "answer_description": "If your mask has a vent or valve, respiratory particles may escape and reach other people. Opt instead for a well-fitting mask with multiple layers, or wear a cloth mask over a disposable mask to secure the underlying mask to your face.
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" } ], "description": "News about the novel coronavirus is breaking nearly 24-7, which makes it challenging at best to keep up with the latest scientific evidence, especially when you're bombarded by false or misleading claims on social media. So how much do you really know about COVID-19? Take our quiz to gauge how knowledgeable you are.
", "gate": "none", "intro_page": true, "uuid": "c5d20a0c-6b54-4691-ac5b-7362b5c9e58c", "brand": "health", "headline": "Quiz: How Much Do You Know About Coronavirus?", "results": [ { "result_starting_range": 0, "button": { "_type": "button", "title": "Start Learning More", "src": "https://x.specialoffers.meredith.com/ats/show.aspx?cr=588&fm=201®source=20571" }, "result_ending_range": 3, "result_description": "Time to bone up on the basic facts about COVID-19. Check out our COVID-19 condition center and subscribe to our daily Healthy Living newsletter and never miss an update.
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\nWhile Health is trying to keep our content as up-to-date as possible, we also encourage readers to stay informed on news and recommendations for their own communities by using the CDC, WHO, and their local public health department as resources.
", "result_title": "Not Much." }, { "result_starting_range": 4, "button": { "_type": "button", "title": "Learn Some More", "src": "https://x.specialoffers.meredith.com/ats/show.aspx?cr=588&fm=201®source=20571" }, "result_ending_range": 6, "result_description": "Not bad, but there’s much more to know about this illness. Subscribe to our daily Healthy Living newsletter and never miss an update.
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\nWhile Health is trying to keep our content as up-to-date as possible, we also encourage readers to stay informed on news and recommendations for their own communities by using the CDC, WHO, and their local public health department as resources.
", "result_title": "You Know Some Things About Some Things." }, { "result_starting_range": 7, "button": { "_type": "button", "title": "Stay Updated with Newsletters", "src": "https://x.specialoffers.meredith.com/ats/show.aspx?cr=588&fm=201®source=20571" }, "result_ending_range": 8, "result_description": "Terrific. Keep reading about COIVD-19 on Health.com and stay safe!
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", "result_title": "You Are Certified to Debate on Social Media." }, { "result_starting_range": 9, "button": { "_type": "button", "title": "Sign Up for Newsletters", "src": "https://x.specialoffers.meredith.com/ats/show.aspx?cr=588&fm=201®source=20571" }, "result_ending_range": 10, "result_description": "You are definitely in the know! Keep coming back to Health.com for the latest information.
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