可重复使用口罩的最佳材料是什么?以下是专家的看法
它可能就在你的衣柜或梳妆台的抽屉里。
经过数周的坚持，只有医护人员或COVID-19患者需要戴口罩美国疾病控制和预防中心完成了360度。美国总统唐纳德·特朗普3日在记者招待会上表示:“作为自愿的公共卫生措施，CDC建议使用非医用口罩。”
新建议基于最近的研究，这些研究表明，很大一部分新型冠状病毒患者没有症状，即使是那些出现症状的人，也会在出现症状之前将病毒传播给他人。
“面具可以作为物理屏障对一个人的咳嗽或打喷嚏,然而,目前还不清楚如何传染的人没有症状实际上是和传播的机制是什么,例如,呼吸vs.singing与共享餐具,“亚Adalja,医学博士,高级学者约翰·霍普金斯大学卫生安全中心,告诉健康。
Adalja博士说，尽管存在未知因素，但公众最好使用布口罩，而不是给有需要的医护人员造成供应问题医用口罩，比如N95．
那么a的最佳材料是什么面罩，在哪里可以找到它?
美国疾病控制与预防中心建议使用旧围巾、手巾、大手帕，甚至咖啡过滤器来制作自己的口罩。它还提供了一个缝布面罩的说明使用两个长方形的棉织物——最好是“紧密编织的棉花，比如绗缝织物或棉床单”，尽管“t恤织物在需要时也可以。”(亚当斯博士在一段视频中介绍了这些步骤疾病预防控制中心网站，如果你需要一个如何做的演示。)
所以在你的衣柜或梳妆台抽屉里有几种选择;你也可以在任何服装零售商或工艺品或织物商店找到这些。但是哪一个是最好的呢?
最近由斯科特·西格尔他与维克森林再生医学研究所(Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine)合作，测试了一系列布料材料，以看看它们作为口罩的效果如何。
这项研究还没有提交发表，也没有经过同行评审，但它显示了各种各样的结果。例如，一块布只过滤了1%的颗粒，而另一块布过滤了79%的颗粒，比外科口罩过滤的颗粒多，后者被发现可以过滤62-65%的颗粒。
Segal博士告诉博士健康。如果你不确定你家里的布料是否足够厚，他建议把它拿在强光下或阳光下。
“如果轻松滤过，过滤可能不那么好，”Segal博士说。“如果它阻止了更多的光线，它可能会更好地表现更好。”
研究发现，所谓的“绗缝棉”通常要比在折扣面料商店里买到的那种印花面料好得多。西格尔博士说:“它往往具有我们认为最有效的特征:更厚、更重的纱线，更高的纱线支数，更紧密的编织。”如果你知道缝纫，现在是时候请人帮忙了。
西格尔建议，如果你确实必须在外面使用低端棉质内衣，那就用法兰绒作为内层。“双层口罩比单层口罩效果更好，”他说。“这可能是因为小颗粒必须通过这两层才能穿过口罩。在我们手中，布、单层口罩的效果并不好。”
与过滤一样重要是透气性的。记住，你需要穿这件事。“如果你不能舒适地呼吸材料几分钟，它不会制作一个好面具，无论它在过滤有效如何效果，”Segal博士博士。
如果你能弄到棉被，那就太好了。如果没有，也不要惊慌。西格尔博士说:“CDC的建议是基于防止佩戴者在不知情的情况下感染他人，而不是为佩戴者提供保护。”“任何能阻止飞沫传播的东西都比什么都没有好——这就是为什么我们被要求用手肘咳嗽或打喷嚏。”
所以，如果你只有一件旧t恤或一块手帕，你不应该羞于做一个面具。无论你用什么材料，确保每次穿完后都要清洗。“自制口罩应该尽可能保持干净，”Adalja博士说。“用受感染的口罩污染自己是一个真正的风险。”
最后，永远不要认为口罩能让你对冠状病毒产生免疫力。继续遵循所有其他指导方针是至关重要的。西格尔建议说:“保持社交距离和良好的卫生习惯比任何口罩都好。”“这仍然是保护自己和他人的首要方法。”
截至发稿时，这篇报道中的信息是准确的。然而，随着围绕COVID-19的形势继续发展，一些数据可能自发布以来发生了变化。在《健康》杂志努力使我们的故事尽可能最新的同时，我们也鼓励读者通过使用疾病预防控制中心，谁以及当地的公共卫生部门作为资源。
要想让我们的头条新闻进入你的收件箱，请注册健康生活通讯
You might have wild dreams when you're ill—fever can do that. But bizarre or emotionally intense fever dreams are not recognized as a symptom of COVID-19.
" }, { "answer_choices": [ { "answer_title": "Wear a mask", "correct_answer": false, "answer_id": "A1", "answer_value": 0, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 6885, "lastModified": "2021-08-04T20:20:17.000Z" } }, { "answer_title": "Wash your hands", "correct_answer": false, "answer_id": "A2", "answer_value": 0, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 42251, "lastModified": "2021-08-04T20:27:47.000Z" } }, { "answer_title": "Maintain social distance from others", "correct_answer": false, "answer_id": "A3", "answer_value": 0, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 6282, "lastModified": "2021-08-04T15:16:21.000Z" } }, { "answer_title": "Wipe down groceries packaged in cardboard or plastic wrap with bleach", "correct_answer": true, "answer_id": "A4", "answer_value": 1, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 53669, "lastModified": "2021-08-04T21:28:15.000Z" } } ], "answer_type": "text", "question_title": "To slow the spread of COVID-19, don't do this:", "question_id": "Q3", "answer_description": "CDC specifically warns against using disinfecting products on food or food packaging. You don't want to accidentally taint your food. Plus, the risk of COVID-19 from handling or consuming food is thought to be low. Use disinfectants like bleach to wipe down tables, countertops, and faucets
" }, { "answer_choices": [ { "answer_title": "A multi-layer medical procedure mask (aka a surgical mask or disposable face mask)", "correct_answer": false, "answer_id": "A1", "answer_value": 0, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 8743, "lastModified": "2021-08-04T21:28:15.000Z" } }, { "answer_title": "A mask with a vent or valve", "correct_answer": true, "answer_id": "A2", "answer_value": 1, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 78267, "lastModified": "2021-08-04T21:08:22.000Z" } }, { "answer_title": "A cloth mask made of two or more breathable, washable layers", "correct_answer": false, "answer_id": "A3", "answer_value": 0, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 17042, "lastModified": "2021-08-04T20:57:53.000Z" } }, { "answer_title": "A cloth mask over a surgical mask", "correct_answer": false, "answer_id": "A4", "answer_value": 0, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 5034, "lastModified": "2021-08-04T20:56:17.000Z" } } ], "answer_type": "text", "question_title": "Which masking option is least effective for stopping the spread of COVID-19?", "question_id": "Q4", "answer_description": "If your mask has a vent or valve, respiratory particles may escape and reach other people. Opt instead for a well-fitting mask with multiple layers, or wear a cloth mask over a disposable mask to secure the underlying mask to your face.
" }, { "answer_choices": [ { "answer_title": "Anal swab testing", "correct_answer": true, "answer_id": "A1", "answer_value": 1, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 92849, "lastModified": "2021-08-04T21:28:15.000Z" } }, { "answer_title": "Nasal swab testing", "correct_answer": false, "answer_id": "A2", "answer_value": 0, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 11218, "lastModified": "2021-08-04T20:51:20.000Z" } }, { "answer_title": "Saliva testing", "correct_answer": false, "answer_id": "A3", "answer_value": 0, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 2996, "lastModified": "2021-08-04T20:57:53.000Z" } }, { "answer_title": "Throat swab testing", "correct_answer": false, "answer_id": "A4", "answer_value": 0, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 2023, "lastModified": "2021-08-04T20:56:17.000Z" } } ], "answer_type": "text", "question_title": "Which COVID-19 screening method is not routinely in use in the US?", "question_id": "Q5", "answer_description": "Most diagnostic tests rely on mucus collected from your nose or throat, and some use saliva that you spit into a test tube. While China is using anal swab testing, that method hasn't caught on in the US.
" }, { "answer_choices": [ { "answer_title": "2 to 12 hours", "correct_answer": false, "answer_id": "A1", "answer_value": 0, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 4893, "lastModified": "2021-08-04T20:51:20.000Z" } }, { "answer_title": "3 days", "correct_answer": false, "answer_id": "A2", "answer_value": 0, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 23246, "lastModified": "2021-08-04T20:33:47.000Z" } }, { "answer_title": "14 days", "correct_answer": true, "answer_id": "A3", "answer_value": 1, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 80159, "lastModified": "2021-08-04T21:28:15.000Z" } }, { "answer_title": "30 days", "correct_answer": false, "answer_id": "A4", "answer_value": 0, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 789, "lastModified": "2021-08-03T04:50:42.000Z" } } ], "answer_type": "text", "question_title": "How long is the incubation period—the amount time from when you are infected with the novel coronavirus to when you exhibit symptoms?", "question_id": "Q6", "answer_description": "The incubation is thought to be 14 days, with a median of 4 to 5 days. (But keep in mind that some people never develop symptoms).
" }, { "answer_choices": [ { "answer_title": "A variant", "correct_answer": true, "answer_id": "A1", "answer_value": 1, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 70925, "lastModified": "2021-08-04T21:28:15.000Z" } }, { "answer_title": "A high viral load", "correct_answer": false, "answer_id": "A2", "answer_value": 0, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 9432, "lastModified": "2021-08-04T21:15:44.000Z" } }, { "answer_title": "A vaccine", "correct_answer": false, "answer_id": "A3", "answer_value": 0, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 11307, "lastModified": "2021-08-04T19:59:09.000Z" } }, { "answer_title": "Another virus, like influenza", "correct_answer": false, "answer_id": "A4", "answer_value": 0, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 17423, "lastModified": "2021-08-04T20:00:33.000Z" } } ], "answer_type": "text", "question_title": "A mutated version of the virus that causes COVID-19 is called:", "question_id": "Q7", "answer_description": "Variants of the virus that causes COVID-19 have been identified in the US and around the world. Scientists are studying these variants to learn how they spread and whether current vaccines will protect against them.
" }, { "answer_choices": [ { "answer_title": "Researchers have coined the term \"coronaphobia\" to describe the fear of contracting COVID-19", "correct_answer": false, "answer_id": "A1", "answer_value": 0, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 8513, "lastModified": "2021-08-04T21:15:44.000Z" } }, { "answer_title": "The virus that causes COVID-19 can sometimes spread through tiny airborne particles", "correct_answer": false, "answer_id": "A2", "answer_value": 0, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 14324, "lastModified": "2021-08-04T20:13:45.000Z" } }, { "answer_title": "The term \"long-haulers\" refers to people who experience long-term coronavirus symptoms", "correct_answer": false, "answer_id": "A3", "answer_value": 0, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 5733, "lastModified": "2021-08-04T20:48:31.000Z" } }, { "answer_title": "COVID-19 is just like having the seasonal flu", "correct_answer": true, "answer_id": "A4", "answer_value": 1, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 80518, "lastModified": "2021-08-04T21:28:15.000Z" } } ], "answer_type": "text", "question_title": "Which of the following statements is false?", "question_id": "Q8", "answer_description": "Early on, some people speculated that the novel coronavirus would behave like the seasonal flu. Now we know COVID-19 is much more contagious and spreads more rapidly than influenza.
" }, { "answer_choices": [ { "answer_title": "Women who want to become pregnant some day", "correct_answer": false, "answer_id": "A1", "answer_value": 0, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 10853, "lastModified": "2021-08-04T21:03:11.000Z" } }, { "answer_title": "Anyone who has had a severe allergic reaction (anaphylaxis) to any vaccine ingredient", "correct_answer": true, "answer_id": "A2", "answer_value": 1, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 57465, "lastModified": "2021-08-04T21:28:15.000Z" } }, { "answer_title": "People who have recovered from COVID-19", "correct_answer": false, "answer_id": "A3", "answer_value": 0, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 9645, "lastModified": "2021-08-04T19:07:25.000Z" } }, { "answer_title": "People with underlying medical conditions", "correct_answer": false, "answer_id": "A4", "answer_value": 0, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 31124, "lastModified": "2021-08-04T20:56:17.000Z" } } ], "answer_type": "text", "question_title": "Who should not get a COVID-19 vaccine?", "question_id": "Q9", "answer_description": "CDC does not recommend COVID vaccination if you've had a severe allergic reaction to any COVID vaccine ingredient. Contact your doctor if you have questions about whether it's safe for you to be vaccinated.
" }, { "answer_choices": [ { "answer_title": "You can't get COVID-19 from a COVID-19 shot", "correct_answer": false, "answer_id": "A1", "answer_value": 0, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 16624, "lastModified": "2021-08-04T21:03:11.000Z" } }, { "answer_title": "Side effects are generally mild and short-lived", "correct_answer": false, "answer_id": "A2", "answer_value": 0, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 6609, "lastModified": "2021-08-04T21:08:22.000Z" } }, { "answer_title": "It can take a few weeks after getting vaccinated for your body to build immunity to the virus", "correct_answer": false, "answer_id": "A3", "answer_value": 0, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 3995, "lastModified": "2021-08-04T21:15:44.000Z" } }, { "answer_title": "None of the above", "correct_answer": true, "answer_id": "A4", "answer_value": 1, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 81859, "lastModified": "2021-08-04T21:28:15.000Z" } } ], "answer_type": "text", "question_title": "Which of the following statements about COVID-19 are false?", "question_id": "Q10", "answer_description": "Vaccination is safe, effective, and an important tool for beating the pandemic.
" } ], "description": "News about the novel coronavirus is breaking nearly 24-7, which makes it challenging at best to keep up with the latest scientific evidence, especially when you're bombarded by false or misleading claims on social media. So how much do you really know about COVID-19? Take our quiz to gauge how knowledgeable you are.
", "gate": "none", "intro_page": true, "uuid": "c5d20a0c-6b54-4691-ac5b-7362b5c9e58c", "brand": "health", "headline": "Quiz: How Much Do You Know About Coronavirus?", "results": [ { "result_starting_range": 0, "button": { "_type": "button", "title": "Start Learning More", "src": "https://x.specialoffers.meredith.com/ats/show.aspx?cr=588&fm=201®source=20571" }, "result_ending_range": 3, "result_description": "Time to bone up on the basic facts about COVID-19. Check out our COVID-19 condition center and subscribe to our daily Healthy Living newsletter and never miss an update.
\nMore on COVID-19:
\nIs the Coronavirus Worse Than the Flu? Here's How the Two Illnesses Compare
\nLiving Through a Pandemic: A Guide to Surviving the New Normal
\nCoronavirus 101: Symptoms, Transmission, Severity and More
\nWhile Health is trying to keep our content as up-to-date as possible, we also encourage readers to stay informed on news and recommendations for their own communities by using the CDC, WHO, and their local public health department as resources.
", "result_title": "Not Much." }, { "result_starting_range": 4, "button": { "_type": "button", "title": "Learn Some More", "src": "https://x.specialoffers.meredith.com/ats/show.aspx?cr=588&fm=201®source=20571" }, "result_ending_range": 6, "result_description": "Not bad, but there’s much more to know about this illness. Subscribe to our daily Healthy Living newsletter and never miss an update.
\nMore on COVID-19:
\nIs the Coronavirus Worse Than the Flu? Here’s How the Two Illnesses Compare
\nLiving Through a Pandemic: A Guide to Surviving the New Normal
\nCoronavirus 101: Symptoms, Transmission, Severity and More
\nWhile Health is trying to keep our content as up-to-date as possible, we also encourage readers to stay informed on news and recommendations for their own communities by using the CDC, WHO, and their local public health department as resources.
", "result_title": "You Know Some Things About Some Things." }, { "result_starting_range": 7, "button": { "_type": "button", "title": "Stay Updated with Newsletters", "src": "https://x.specialoffers.meredith.com/ats/show.aspx?cr=588&fm=201®source=20571" }, "result_ending_range": 8, "result_description": "Terrific. Keep reading about COIVD-19 on Health.com and stay safe!
\nMore on COVID-19:
\nIs the Coronavirus Worse Than the Flu? Here’s How the Two Illnesses Compare
\nLiving Through a Pandemic: A Guide to Surviving the New Normal
\nCoronavirus 101: Symptoms, Transmission, Severity and More
\nWhile Health is trying to keep our content as up-to-date as possible, we also encourage readers to stay informed on news and recommendations for their own communities by using the CDC, WHO, and their local public health department as resources.
", "result_title": "You Are Certified to Debate on Social Media." }, { "result_starting_range": 9, "button": { "_type": "button", "title": "Sign Up for Newsletters", "src": "https://x.specialoffers.meredith.com/ats/show.aspx?cr=588&fm=201®source=20571" }, "result_ending_range": 10, "result_description": "You are definitely in the know! Keep coming back to Health.com for the latest information.
\nMore on COVID-19:
\nIs the Coronavirus Worse Than the Flu? Here’s How the Two Illnesses Compare
\nLiving Through a Pandemic: A Guide to Surviving the New Normal
\nCoronavirus 101: Symptoms, Transmission, Severity and More
\nWhile Health is trying to keep our content as up-to-date as possible, we also encourage readers to stay informed on news and recommendations for their own communities by using the CDC, WHO, and their local public health department as resources.
", "result_title": "You're a Know-it-All! " } ], "pqt_id": "cms/onecms_posts_health_7836984", "content_cms_id": "7787888", "registration_source": 20566, "amp_headline": "Quiz: How Much Do You Know About Coronavirus?", "type": "node-interactive-content", "meta": { "pinterest:media": "//www.dhljerseys.com/img/misc/og-generic.png", "og:image": "//www.dhljerseys.com/img/misc/og-generic.png", "og:image:width": null, "og:image:height": null, "twitter:image": "//www.dhljerseys.com/img/misc/og-generic.png", "description": "Quiz: How Much Do You Know About Coronavirus?" }, "social_headline": "Quiz: How Much Do You Know About Coronavirus?", "seo_headline": "Quiz: How Much Do You Know About Coronavirus?" }" data-cms-id="7836984" id="c5d20a0c-6b54-4691-ac5b-7362b5c9e58c">