会有第二波冠状病毒吗?会有多糟糕?以下是医生的建议
一些专家认为，如果COVID-19卷土重来，情况可能会更糟。
过去一周，几个国家美国各州宣布了开始放松冠状病毒限制的计划。但太快开放也有很大风险——可能会引发第二波冠状病毒感染，疾病控制中心主任罗伯特·雷德菲尔德医学博士警告说。
雷德菲尔德博士认为，第二波可能更加危险。对《华盛顿邮报》他说，“明年冬天病毒对我们国家的攻击实际上可能比我们刚刚经历的那次更困难”，因为它将发生在流感季节。
第二波疾病爆发发生在1918年流感大流行这场灾难总共造成5000多万人死亡。那次大流行经历了三次浪潮，第二波比第一波更致命。后来的流感大流行也有多波，包括2009年H1N1流感它始于当年4月，并在秋季出现了第二波浪潮。
许多专家同意雷德菲尔德博士的观点，即冠状病毒的第二波浪潮是不可避免的。“这是一种有效传播的人类病毒，如果没有疫苗，它不会消失。”传染病马里兰州约翰·霍普金斯健康安全中心的资深学者、医学博士Amesh A. Adalja告诉我们健康。
区分二次波和二次峰是很重要的;它们在技术上是不一样的。“把它想象成在海滩上。波来了山峰的最高水平后,它归结和崩溃beach-it就是国家看到的最高数量开始下降,”公共卫生专家卡罗尔·a .赢家,英里,他导演了几部联邦政府资助的社区健康计划和建立了给空间2017年的运动，告诉我们健康．“第二波?可以把它看作是第二次浪潮，它在第一次浪潮之后出现，没有那么高，但有起有落。”
温纳补充说，这些“潮起潮落”取决于防护和预防措施的成功，比如健康的卫生习惯和社交距离。这些措施有助于减少第二波疫情的威胁，但温纳警告说，每个州都应该严格执行这些措施，同时还要进行严格的检测，以确定全国的“热点”。
温纳说:“只有这样，我们才有机会隔离病例，并采取最好的保护措施，以看到病例减少。”“这将使我们有可能放松各州的限制。”如果没有持续的社会距离执行和质量检测，放松限制——即使是出于最好的意图——也会增加非免疫人群与感染者接触的风险。
观察其他国家正在发生的情况证明了这种新型冠状病毒的毒性，并可以为美国提供预测。虽然中国似乎已经成功地控制了湖北省的疫情，湖北省是最初疫情爆发的中心，但他们在北部的病例有所增加。据报道，在报告了几周的近零本地传播后，位于与俄罗斯边境的哈尔滨市新一批COVID-19病例导致了新一轮封锁金融时报》．
新加坡也出现了冠状病毒感染的突然复苏，尽管其早期控制努力受到了赞扬。尽管这种病又复发了拥挤的民工宿舍在卫生习惯和营养都很差的地方，这表明在人们距离较近的地方，这种疾病会以多快的速度卷土重来。
现在确定COVID-19的模式还为时过早，但Adalja博士认为，第二波流感的最大威胁似乎是在秋季，也就是流感季节的开始。他警告说，即使在最好的情况下，疫苗也不会在那之前准备好。他说:“从秋季开始的第二波流感可能会与流感混合发生，这对医院系统来说尤其具有挑战性。”
温纳说:“我们不完全知道为什么流感在秋季和冬季更常见，但我们知道这是一个人们距离更近的时间，而且天气潮湿寒冷，这可能会产生影响。”“流感似乎在其他国家的雨季更常见。我们知道，随着我们进入冠状病毒病例大量的流感季节，这些病毒会加剧发病率和死亡率。”
乌尔维什帕特尔酒店纽约西奈山医院神经病学系的公共卫生专业人士，医学博士，公共卫生硕士，正在对冲第二波的赌注。他指出，其他SARS和MERS病毒还没有出现第二波，但他说，我们应该为任何可能的情况做好准备。他建议，“预防和预防”永远是最好的方法。
“不能因为经济负担和呆在家里的心理影响而长时间封锁国家，但居民需要严格保持社交距离，直到群体免疫Patel博士说健康。“再过6到12个月，这种情况不太可能发生。”
与此同时，他认为，在进行大规模检测之前，不应解除封锁，并对检测呈阳性（或在没有检测的情况下出现症状）的人在家进行自我隔离和适当治疗。“企业应该开始频繁地派遣员工进行体检。每天对个人进行症状扫描将是向前迈进的最佳方式，政府也应该通过保护公共场所来做到这一点。”
帕特尔医生说，在这之前，重要的是继续频繁洗手，不要触摸你的脸，经常清洁表面，在公共场所使用口罩和手套保护自己。当然，还要遵循保持社交距离的指导方针。
“在社区层面，我们需要加强对无症状人群的检测，”帕特尔博士补充说。“我们的医疗服务提供者必须得到保护，这样他们才能做好自己的工作，保持自身安全。加强医院系统，治疗有症状的患者，将有助于降低死亡率，直到我们有可靠的治疗方法或疫苗。”
截至记者发稿时，这篇报道中的信息是准确的。然而，随着围绕新冠病毒-19的情况继续发展，一些数据自发表以来可能发生了变化。虽然健康为了使我们的故事尽可能保持最新，我们还鼓励读者通过使用疾病预防控制中心，谁以及当地的公共卫生部门作为资源。
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You might have wild dreams when you're ill—fever can do that. But bizarre or emotionally intense fever dreams are not recognized as a symptom of COVID-19.
" }, { "answer_choices": [ { "answer_title": "Wear a mask", "correct_answer": false, "answer_id": "A1", "answer_value": 0, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 7222, "lastModified": "2021-09-19T17:52:13.000Z" } }, { "answer_title": "Wash your hands", "correct_answer": false, "answer_id": "A2", "answer_value": 0, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 42336, "lastModified": "2021-09-20T02:28:14.000Z" } }, { "answer_title": "Maintain social distance from others", "correct_answer": false, "answer_id": "A3", "answer_value": 0, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 6471, "lastModified": "2021-09-20T00:03:20.000Z" } }, { "answer_title": "Wipe down groceries packaged in cardboard or plastic wrap with bleach", "correct_answer": true, "answer_id": "A4", "answer_value": 1, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 59900, "lastModified": "2021-09-20T04:03:26.000Z" } } ], "answer_type": "text", "question_title": "To slow the spread of COVID-19, don't do this:", "question_id": "Q3", "answer_description": "CDC specifically warns against using disinfecting products on food or food packaging. You don't want to accidentally taint your food. Plus, the risk of COVID-19 from handling or consuming food is thought to be low. Use disinfectants like bleach to wipe down tables, countertops, and faucets
" }, { "answer_choices": [ { "answer_title": "A multi-layer medical procedure mask (aka a surgical mask or disposable face mask)", "correct_answer": false, "answer_id": "A1", "answer_value": 0, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 9368, "lastModified": "2021-09-20T02:28:14.000Z" } }, { "answer_title": "A mask with a vent or valve", "correct_answer": true, "answer_id": "A2", "answer_value": 1, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 82416, "lastModified": "2021-09-20T03:42:58.000Z" } }, { "answer_title": "A cloth mask made of two or more breathable, washable layers", "correct_answer": false, "answer_id": "A3", "answer_value": 0, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 18468, "lastModified": "2021-09-20T03:40:36.000Z" } }, { "answer_title": "A cloth mask over a surgical mask", "correct_answer": false, "answer_id": "A4", "answer_value": 0, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 5676, "lastModified": "2021-09-20T04:03:26.000Z" } } ], "answer_type": "text", "question_title": "Which masking option is least effective for stopping the spread of COVID-19?", "question_id": "Q4", "answer_description": "If your mask has a vent or valve, respiratory particles may escape and reach other people. Opt instead for a well-fitting mask with multiple layers, or wear a cloth mask over a disposable mask to secure the underlying mask to your face.
" }, { "answer_choices": [ { "answer_title": "Anal swab testing", "correct_answer": true, "answer_id": "A1", "answer_value": 1, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 98701, "lastModified": "2021-09-20T04:03:26.000Z" } }, { "answer_title": "Nasal swab testing", "correct_answer": false, "answer_id": "A2", "answer_value": 0, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 11715, "lastModified": "2021-09-20T02:50:10.000Z" } }, { "answer_title": "Saliva testing", "correct_answer": false, "answer_id": "A3", "answer_value": 0, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 3243, "lastModified": "2021-09-20T02:03:20.000Z" } }, { "answer_title": "Throat swab testing", "correct_answer": false, "answer_id": "A4", "answer_value": 0, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 2269, "lastModified": "2021-09-20T01:55:21.000Z" } } ], "answer_type": "text", "question_title": "Which COVID-19 screening method is not routinely in use in the US?", "question_id": "Q5", "answer_description": "Most diagnostic tests rely on mucus collected from your nose or throat, and some use saliva that you spit into a test tube. While China is using anal swab testing, that method hasn't caught on in the US.
" }, { "answer_choices": [ { "answer_title": "2 to 12 hours", "correct_answer": false, "answer_id": "A1", "answer_value": 0, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 5347, "lastModified": "2021-09-20T02:38:36.000Z" } }, { "answer_title": "3 days", "correct_answer": false, "answer_id": "A2", "answer_value": 0, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 25420, "lastModified": "2021-09-20T03:42:58.000Z" } }, { "answer_title": "14 days", "correct_answer": true, "answer_id": "A3", "answer_value": 1, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 84339, "lastModified": "2021-09-20T04:03:26.000Z" } }, { "answer_title": "30 days", "correct_answer": false, "answer_id": "A4", "answer_value": 0, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 822, "lastModified": "2021-09-20T01:13:44.000Z" } } ], "answer_type": "text", "question_title": "How long is the incubation period—the amount time from when you are infected with the novel coronavirus to when you exhibit symptoms?", "question_id": "Q6", "answer_description": "The incubation is thought to be 14 days, with a median of 4 to 5 days. (But keep in mind that some people never develop symptoms).
" }, { "answer_choices": [ { "answer_title": "A variant", "correct_answer": true, "answer_id": "A1", "answer_value": 1, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 77460, "lastModified": "2021-09-20T04:03:26.000Z" } }, { "answer_title": "A high viral load", "correct_answer": false, "answer_id": "A2", "answer_value": 0, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 9498, "lastModified": "2021-09-20T00:41:16.000Z" } }, { "answer_title": "A vaccine", "correct_answer": false, "answer_id": "A3", "answer_value": 0, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 11405, "lastModified": "2021-09-18T23:26:38.000Z" } }, { "answer_title": "Another virus, like influenza", "correct_answer": false, "answer_id": "A4", "answer_value": 0, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 17566, "lastModified": "2021-09-20T02:03:20.000Z" } } ], "answer_type": "text", "question_title": "A mutated version of the virus that causes COVID-19 is called:", "question_id": "Q7", "answer_description": "Variants of the virus that causes COVID-19 have been identified in the US and around the world. Scientists are studying these variants to learn how they spread and whether current vaccines will protect against them.
" }, { "answer_choices": [ { "answer_title": "Researchers have coined the term \"coronaphobia\" to describe the fear of contracting COVID-19", "correct_answer": false, "answer_id": "A1", "answer_value": 0, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 9554, "lastModified": "2021-09-20T04:03:26.000Z" } }, { "answer_title": "The virus that causes COVID-19 can sometimes spread through tiny airborne particles", "correct_answer": false, "answer_id": "A2", "answer_value": 0, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 14652, "lastModified": "2021-09-20T01:38:11.000Z" } }, { "answer_title": "The term \"long-haulers\" refers to people who experience long-term coronavirus symptoms", "correct_answer": false, "answer_id": "A3", "answer_value": 0, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 6122, "lastModified": "2021-09-19T23:02:27.000Z" } }, { "answer_title": "COVID-19 is just like having the seasonal flu", "correct_answer": true, "answer_id": "A4", "answer_value": 1, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 85602, "lastModified": "2021-09-20T03:42:58.000Z" } } ], "answer_type": "text", "question_title": "Which of the following statements is false?", "question_id": "Q8", "answer_description": "Early on, some people speculated that the novel coronavirus would behave like the seasonal flu. Now we know COVID-19 is much more contagious and spreads more rapidly than influenza.
" }, { "answer_choices": [ { "answer_title": "Women who want to become pregnant some day", "correct_answer": false, "answer_id": "A1", "answer_value": 0, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 11141, "lastModified": "2021-09-20T02:28:14.000Z" } }, { "answer_title": "Anyone who has had a severe allergic reaction (anaphylaxis) to any vaccine ingredient", "correct_answer": true, "answer_id": "A2", "answer_value": 1, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 63057, "lastModified": "2021-09-20T03:40:36.000Z" } }, { "answer_title": "People who have recovered from COVID-19", "correct_answer": false, "answer_id": "A3", "answer_value": 0, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 9883, "lastModified": "2021-09-20T04:03:26.000Z" } }, { "answer_title": "People with underlying medical conditions", "correct_answer": false, "answer_id": "A4", "answer_value": 0, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 31848, "lastModified": "2021-09-20T03:31:05.000Z" } } ], "answer_type": "text", "question_title": "Who should not get a COVID-19 vaccine?", "question_id": "Q9", "answer_description": "CDC does not recommend COVID vaccination if you've had a severe allergic reaction to any COVID vaccine ingredient. Contact your doctor if you have questions about whether it's safe for you to be vaccinated.
" }, { "answer_choices": [ { "answer_title": "You can't get COVID-19 from a COVID-19 shot", "correct_answer": false, "answer_id": "A1", "answer_value": 0, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 18479, "lastModified": "2021-09-20T03:40:36.000Z" } }, { "answer_title": "Side effects are generally mild and short-lived", "correct_answer": false, "answer_id": "A2", "answer_value": 0, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 7315, "lastModified": "2021-09-20T02:38:36.000Z" } }, { "answer_title": "It can take a few weeks after getting vaccinated for your body to build immunity to the virus", "correct_answer": false, "answer_id": "A3", "answer_value": 0, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 4399, "lastModified": "2021-09-20T04:03:26.000Z" } }, { "answer_title": "None of the above", "correct_answer": true, "answer_id": "A4", "answer_value": 1, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 85736, "lastModified": "2021-09-20T03:42:58.000Z" } } ], "answer_type": "text", "question_title": "Which of the following statements about COVID-19 are false?", "question_id": "Q10", "answer_description": "Vaccination is safe, effective, and an important tool for beating the pandemic.
" } ], "description": "News about the novel coronavirus is breaking nearly 24-7, which makes it challenging at best to keep up with the latest scientific evidence, especially when you're bombarded by false or misleading claims on social media. So how much do you really know about COVID-19? Take our quiz to gauge how knowledgeable you are.
", "gate": "none", "intro_page": true, "uuid": "c5d20a0c-6b54-4691-ac5b-7362b5c9e58c", "brand": "health", "headline": "Quiz: How Much Do You Know About Coronavirus?", "results": [ { "result_starting_range": 0, "button": { "_type": "button", "title": "Start Learning More", "src": "https://x.specialoffers.meredith.com/ats/show.aspx?cr=588&fm=201®source=20571" }, "result_ending_range": 3, "result_description": "Time to bone up on the basic facts about COVID-19. Check out our COVID-19 condition center and subscribe to our daily Healthy Living newsletter and never miss an update.
\nMore on COVID-19:
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", "result_title": "Not Much." }, { "result_starting_range": 4, "button": { "_type": "button", "title": "Learn Some More", "src": "https://x.specialoffers.meredith.com/ats/show.aspx?cr=588&fm=201®source=20571" }, "result_ending_range": 6, "result_description": "Not bad, but there’s much more to know about this illness. Subscribe to our daily Healthy Living newsletter and never miss an update.
\nMore on COVID-19:
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\nWhile Health is trying to keep our content as up-to-date as possible, we also encourage readers to stay informed on news and recommendations for their own communities by using the CDC, WHO, and their local public health department as resources.
", "result_title": "You Know Some Things About Some Things." }, { "result_starting_range": 7, "button": { "_type": "button", "title": "Stay Updated with Newsletters", "src": "https://x.specialoffers.meredith.com/ats/show.aspx?cr=588&fm=201®source=20571" }, "result_ending_range": 8, "result_description": "Terrific. Keep reading about COIVD-19 on Health.com and stay safe!
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\nWhile Health is trying to keep our content as up-to-date as possible, we also encourage readers to stay informed on news and recommendations for their own communities by using the CDC, WHO, and their local public health department as resources.
", "result_title": "You Are Certified to Debate on Social Media." }, { "result_starting_range": 9, "button": { "_type": "button", "title": "Sign Up for Newsletters", "src": "https://x.specialoffers.meredith.com/ats/show.aspx?cr=588&fm=201®source=20571" }, "result_ending_range": 10, "result_description": "You are definitely in the know! Keep coming back to Health.com for the latest information.
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\nLiving Through a Pandemic: A Guide to Surviving the New Normal
\nCoronavirus 101: Symptoms, Transmission, Severity and More
\nWhile Health is trying to keep our content as up-to-date as possible, we also encourage readers to stay informed on news and recommendations for their own communities by using the CDC, WHO, and their local public health department as resources.
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