获得COVID-19疫苗:在预约之前、期间和之后的预期
你可能不会得到很长一段时间的疫苗，但这是该时间到来时的了解。
多个COVID-19疫苗正式在美国分发。目前，他们主要是向医疗保健工人和长期护理设施，高风险患者和65岁的人的居民推出。
尽管如此，接种疫苗仍然是每个人的头等大事，所以对接种过程有疑问是很正常的，特别是当你在未来的某个时候接种疫苗后会发生什么。帮助,疾病预防与控制中心美国疾病控制与预防中心(CDC)发布了关于人们在接种疫苗之前、期间和之后可以期待什么的指导意见。如果你想为即将到来的事情做好准备，你需要知道以下几点。
首先，介绍一些COVID-19疫苗基础知识
辉瑞和Moderna的新冠疫苗使用了信使RNA (mRNA)新技术。这些mRNA疫苗的工作原理是编码在SARS-CoV-2表面发现的刺突蛋白的一部分疾病预防与控制中心解释说。这种疫苗利用编码蛋白片段在你体内引发免疫反应。这反过来又会使你的身体发育抗体对于SARS-COV-2，这应该帮助您在未来争取感染。之后，您的身体消除了蛋白质和mRNA，而抗体粘附有助于提供免疫。
在接种COVID-19疫苗之前，你应该做什么?
首先，原子能机构建议您立即建议使用Covid-19疫苗接种。（目前，再次，它只授予某些更高风险的群体，但这将随着时间的推移而变化和更具可用性。）
然后，疾控中心建议你了解更多关于COVID-19疫苗工作和接种疫苗的好处．这些好处包括帮助你避免感染COVID-19，疫苗是一种更安全的方式来帮助建立对病毒的保护，并帮助阻止大流行。
此外，虽然没有官方指导，但前一天晚上轻松地取下它并不是一个坏主意，传染性疾病专家Amesh A. Adalja，医学博士，约翰霍普金斯健康安全中心的资深学者告诉我们健康．“你不想做一堆镜头，然后是洪水，”他说。他最担心的是：如果你觉得糟糕，它可能会归咎于疫苗而不是你的宿醉。此外，Covid-19疫苗可能会导致一些流感样的副作用，并且您不想在已经感到糟糕的情况下处理，adalja博士说。
另一件你不想做的事是服用对乙酰氨基酚或布洛芬以防疫苗可能产生副作用。CDC实际上建议反对它。这是因为，目前对这种联系的研究太有限，也不一致。目前还不清楚在接种疫苗前服用止痛药，仅仅是为了防止接种后出现疼痛和发烧等症状，这是如何影响身体对疫苗的反应的。“我们认为它不会损害你的免疫反应，但我们不想冒任何风险，”传染病专家、范德比尔特大学医学院教授威廉·沙夫纳医学博士说健康．如果你已经在服用布洛芬或其他止痛药，你应该向你的医生寻求指导。
总之，Adalja博士建议遵循以下建议:“在合理的范围内，做你通常会做的事情。”
当你接种了COVID-19疫苗后会发生什么?
截至目前，疫苗正在医疗中心给出，但这可能会发生变化。有一些交谈牙医和验光师在未来为人们接种疫苗，以更快地生产疫苗，但这还没有发生。
当您展示预约疫苗接种时，CDC建议用面具覆盖嘴和鼻子，并留下至少六英尺远离他人（直到当然，是时候接种疫苗的时间）。
实际的疫苗接种过程将类似于当你得了流感射击纽约州立大学布法罗分校(University at Buffalo/SUNY)的传染病专家、医学教授约翰·塞利克(John Sellick)说健康．也就是说，你上臂上的一个斑点会用外用酒精或类似的东西消毒，然后你会接受注射。
“你会被要求等待15分钟左右，以确保你没有反应，”Schaffner博士说。这也是技术上的推荐，其中包括流感疫苗，但很多地方都没有强制执行它，他说，添加，“我认为这将被Covid-19疫苗观察到，只是为了安全。”
然后，疾控中心表示，你应该收到一张疫苗接种卡或打印件，上面会告诉你收到的COVID-19疫苗、收到日期和收到地点。您还应收到纸质或电子版的情况说明书，其中将告诉您有关您将获得的特定COVID-19疫苗的更多信息。
“之后，你就可以尽情享受了，”塞利克博士说。
接种新冠疫苗后，你会有什么期待?
在您获得第二次拍摄之前，您将不会被视为完全接种疫苗，直到您获得第二次拍摄，这通常会在几周后给出。您必须与您的提供商与您的提供商交谈。
接种疫苗后你可能会有一些副作用。这些是COVID-19疫苗最常见的副作用CDC：
- 注射部位疼痛
- 手臂打针的地方肿胀
- 发烧
- 发冷
- 疲劳
- 头疼
如果您有手臂酸痛或肿胀，CDC建议在该区域上持有清洁，凉爽，湿毛巾，并使用或锻炼手臂。如果你发烧，CDC表明饮用了大量的液体和轻轻敷料。而且，如果你有痛苦或不适，CDC说，与你的医生交谈是一种伴随布洛芬或对乙酰氨基酚等反击药物的好主意。
沙夫纳博士说，一般来说，副作用——即使你经历过——应该在一两天内就会消失。但CDC建议，如果在注射24小时后红肿或触痛加剧，或者副作用让你担忧或几天后仍未消失，请联系你的医疗服务提供者。
美国疾病控制与预防中心建议，即使第一次注射后出现了副作用，你也应该打第二针，除非疫苗供应商或你的医生告诉你不要打第二针。
疾控中心还建议你注册v安全，这是一种基于智能手机的免费工具，在接种疫苗后，通过短信和网络调查提供个性化的健康检查。它还会提醒你去注射第二剂。
即使注射两次，你的身体也需要一些时间来建立对COVID-19的免疫力。疾控中心说，这两种疫苗可能都不能保护你，直到“一两个星期后，你的第二次注射。
此时，Adalja博士说，在公共场合佩戴面具并遵循其他防止Covid-19传播的方法仍然很重要。毕竟，疫苗不是100％完美的完美，目前尚不清楚你是否仍然可以在接种疫苗后仍然可以传播病毒。“在公共卫生官员否则另行建议之前，继续遵循建议，”Adalja博士说。
截至发稿时，这篇报道中的信息是准确的。然而，随着围绕COVID-19的形势继续发展，一些数据可能自发布以来发生了变化。在《健康》杂志努力使我们的故事尽可能最新的同时，我们也鼓励读者通过使用CDC那谁以及他们当地的公共卫生部门作为资源。
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You might have wild dreams when you're ill—fever can do that. But bizarre or emotionally intense fever dreams are not recognized as a symptom of COVID-19.
" }, { "answer_choices": [ { "answer_title": "Wear a mask", "correct_answer": false, "answer_id": "A1", "answer_value": 0, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 7397, "lastModified": "2021-10-19T10:36:24.000Z" } }, { "answer_title": "Wash your hands", "correct_answer": false, "answer_id": "A2", "answer_value": 0, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 42370, "lastModified": "2021-10-19T13:03:19.000Z" } }, { "answer_title": "Maintain social distance from others", "correct_answer": false, "answer_id": "A3", "answer_value": 0, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 6554, "lastModified": "2021-10-19T04:34:46.000Z" } }, { "answer_title": "Wipe down groceries packaged in cardboard or plastic wrap with bleach", "correct_answer": true, "answer_id": "A4", "answer_value": 1, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 63378, "lastModified": "2021-10-19T15:35:44.000Z" } } ], "answer_type": "text", "question_title": "To slow the spread of COVID-19, don't do this:", "question_id": "Q3", "answer_description": "CDC specifically warns against using disinfecting products on food or food packaging. You don't want to accidentally taint your food. Plus, the risk of COVID-19 from handling or consuming food is thought to be low. Use disinfectants like bleach to wipe down tables, countertops, and faucets
" }, { "answer_choices": [ { "answer_title": "A multi-layer medical procedure mask (aka a surgical mask or disposable face mask)", "correct_answer": false, "answer_id": "A1", "answer_value": 0, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 9674, "lastModified": "2021-10-19T10:36:24.000Z" } }, { "answer_title": "A mask with a vent or valve", "correct_answer": true, "answer_id": "A2", "answer_value": 1, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 84777, "lastModified": "2021-10-19T15:35:44.000Z" } }, { "answer_title": "A cloth mask made of two or more breathable, washable layers", "correct_answer": false, "answer_id": "A3", "answer_value": 0, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 19256, "lastModified": "2021-10-19T13:40:15.000Z" } }, { "answer_title": "A cloth mask over a surgical mask", "correct_answer": false, "answer_id": "A4", "answer_value": 0, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 5991, "lastModified": "2021-10-19T15:34:55.000Z" } } ], "answer_type": "text", "question_title": "Which masking option is least effective for stopping the spread of COVID-19?", "question_id": "Q4", "answer_description": "If your mask has a vent or valve, respiratory particles may escape and reach other people. Opt instead for a well-fitting mask with multiple layers, or wear a cloth mask over a disposable mask to secure the underlying mask to your face.
" }, { "answer_choices": [ { "answer_title": "Anal swab testing", "correct_answer": true, "answer_id": "A1", "answer_value": 1, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 101956, "lastModified": "2021-10-19T15:35:44.000Z" } }, { "answer_title": "Nasal swab testing", "correct_answer": false, "answer_id": "A2", "answer_value": 0, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 11953, "lastModified": "2021-10-19T14:39:12.000Z" } }, { "answer_title": "Saliva testing", "correct_answer": false, "answer_id": "A3", "answer_value": 0, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 3380, "lastModified": "2021-10-18T23:33:39.000Z" } }, { "answer_title": "Throat swab testing", "correct_answer": false, "answer_id": "A4", "answer_value": 0, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 2409, "lastModified": "2021-10-19T12:18:15.000Z" } } ], "answer_type": "text", "question_title": "Which COVID-19 screening method is not routinely in use in the US?", "question_id": "Q5", "answer_description": "Most diagnostic tests rely on mucus collected from your nose or throat, and some use saliva that you spit into a test tube. While China is using anal swab testing, that method hasn't caught on in the US.
" }, { "answer_choices": [ { "answer_title": "2 to 12 hours", "correct_answer": false, "answer_id": "A1", "answer_value": 0, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 5551, "lastModified": "2021-10-19T10:52:31.000Z" } }, { "answer_title": "3 days", "correct_answer": false, "answer_id": "A2", "answer_value": 0, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 26694, "lastModified": "2021-10-19T15:35:44.000Z" } }, { "answer_title": "14 days", "correct_answer": true, "answer_id": "A3", "answer_value": 1, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 86604, "lastModified": "2021-10-19T15:34:55.000Z" } }, { "answer_title": "30 days", "correct_answer": false, "answer_id": "A4", "answer_value": 0, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 849, "lastModified": "2021-10-18T10:23:45.000Z" } } ], "answer_type": "text", "question_title": "How long is the incubation period—the amount time from when you are infected with the novel coronavirus to when you exhibit symptoms?", "question_id": "Q6", "answer_description": "The incubation is thought to be 14 days, with a median of 4 to 5 days. (But keep in mind that some people never develop symptoms).
" }, { "answer_choices": [ { "answer_title": "A variant", "correct_answer": true, "answer_id": "A1", "answer_value": 1, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 81090, "lastModified": "2021-10-19T15:35:44.000Z" } }, { "answer_title": "A high viral load", "correct_answer": false, "answer_id": "A2", "answer_value": 0, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 9536, "lastModified": "2021-10-17T16:27:39.000Z" } }, { "answer_title": "A vaccine", "correct_answer": false, "answer_id": "A3", "answer_value": 0, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 11445, "lastModified": "2021-10-19T04:34:46.000Z" } }, { "answer_title": "Another virus, like influenza", "correct_answer": false, "answer_id": "A4", "answer_value": 0, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 17628, "lastModified": "2021-10-19T12:18:15.000Z" } } ], "answer_type": "text", "question_title": "A mutated version of the virus that causes COVID-19 is called:", "question_id": "Q7", "answer_description": "Variants of the virus that causes COVID-19 have been identified in the US and around the world. Scientists are studying these variants to learn how they spread and whether current vaccines will protect against them.
" }, { "answer_choices": [ { "answer_title": "Researchers have coined the term \"coronaphobia\" to describe the fear of contracting COVID-19", "correct_answer": false, "answer_id": "A1", "answer_value": 0, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 10074, "lastModified": "2021-10-19T13:58:08.000Z" } }, { "answer_title": "The virus that causes COVID-19 can sometimes spread through tiny airborne particles", "correct_answer": false, "answer_id": "A2", "answer_value": 0, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 14797, "lastModified": "2021-10-19T14:39:12.000Z" } }, { "answer_title": "The term \"long-haulers\" refers to people who experience long-term coronavirus symptoms", "correct_answer": false, "answer_id": "A3", "answer_value": 0, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 6352, "lastModified": "2021-10-19T15:35:44.000Z" } }, { "answer_title": "COVID-19 is just like having the seasonal flu", "correct_answer": true, "answer_id": "A4", "answer_value": 1, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 88477, "lastModified": "2021-10-19T15:34:55.000Z" } } ], "answer_type": "text", "question_title": "Which of the following statements is false?", "question_id": "Q8", "answer_description": "Early on, some people speculated that the novel coronavirus would behave like the seasonal flu. Now we know COVID-19 is much more contagious and spreads more rapidly than influenza.
" }, { "answer_choices": [ { "answer_title": "Women who want to become pregnant some day", "correct_answer": false, "answer_id": "A1", "answer_value": 0, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 11264, "lastModified": "2021-10-18T20:30:22.000Z" } }, { "answer_title": "Anyone who has had a severe allergic reaction (anaphylaxis) to any vaccine ingredient", "correct_answer": true, "answer_id": "A2", "answer_value": 1, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 66240, "lastModified": "2021-10-19T15:35:44.000Z" } }, { "answer_title": "People who have recovered from COVID-19", "correct_answer": false, "answer_id": "A3", "answer_value": 0, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 10017, "lastModified": "2021-10-19T13:03:19.000Z" } }, { "answer_title": "People with underlying medical conditions", "correct_answer": false, "answer_id": "A4", "answer_value": 0, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 32178, "lastModified": "2021-10-19T13:58:08.000Z" } } ], "answer_type": "text", "question_title": "Who should not get a COVID-19 vaccine?", "question_id": "Q9", "answer_description": "CDC does not recommend COVID vaccination if you've had a severe allergic reaction to any COVID vaccine ingredient. Contact your doctor if you have questions about whether it's safe for you to be vaccinated.
" }, { "answer_choices": [ { "answer_title": "You can't get COVID-19 from a COVID-19 shot", "correct_answer": false, "answer_id": "A1", "answer_value": 0, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 19500, "lastModified": "2021-10-19T15:13:44.000Z" } }, { "answer_title": "Side effects are generally mild and short-lived", "correct_answer": false, "answer_id": "A2", "answer_value": 0, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 7763, "lastModified": "2021-10-19T15:32:05.000Z" } }, { "answer_title": "It can take a few weeks after getting vaccinated for your body to build immunity to the virus", "correct_answer": false, "answer_id": "A3", "answer_value": 0, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 4598, "lastModified": "2021-10-19T14:39:12.000Z" } }, { "answer_title": "None of the above", "correct_answer": true, "answer_id": "A4", "answer_value": 1, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 87838, "lastModified": "2021-10-19T15:35:44.000Z" } } ], "answer_type": "text", "question_title": "Which of the following statements about COVID-19 are false?", "question_id": "Q10", "answer_description": "Vaccination is safe, effective, and an important tool for beating the pandemic.
" } ], "description": "News about the novel coronavirus is breaking nearly 24-7, which makes it challenging at best to keep up with the latest scientific evidence, especially when you're bombarded by false or misleading claims on social media. So how much do you really know about COVID-19? Take our quiz to gauge how knowledgeable you are.
", "gate": "none", "intro_page": true, "uuid": "c5d20a0c-6b54-4691-ac5b-7362b5c9e58c", "brand": "health", "headline": "Quiz: How Much Do You Know About Coronavirus?", "results": [ { "result_starting_range": 0, "button": { "_type": "button", "title": "Start Learning More", "src": "https://x.specialoffers.meredith.com/ats/show.aspx?cr=588&fm=201®source=20571" }, "result_ending_range": 3, "result_description": "Time to bone up on the basic facts about COVID-19. Check out our COVID-19 condition center and subscribe to our daily Healthy Living newsletter and never miss an update.
\nMore on COVID-19:
\nIs the Coronavirus Worse Than the Flu? Here's How the Two Illnesses Compare
\nLiving Through a Pandemic: A Guide to Surviving the New Normal
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\nWhile Health is trying to keep our content as up-to-date as possible, we also encourage readers to stay informed on news and recommendations for their own communities by using the CDC, WHO, and their local public health department as resources.
", "result_title": "Not Much." }, { "result_starting_range": 4, "button": { "_type": "button", "title": "Learn Some More", "src": "https://x.specialoffers.meredith.com/ats/show.aspx?cr=588&fm=201®source=20571" }, "result_ending_range": 6, "result_description": "Not bad, but there’s much more to know about this illness. Subscribe to our daily Healthy Living newsletter and never miss an update.
\nMore on COVID-19:
\nIs the Coronavirus Worse Than the Flu? Here’s How the Two Illnesses Compare
\nLiving Through a Pandemic: A Guide to Surviving the New Normal
\nCoronavirus 101: Symptoms, Transmission, Severity and More
\nWhile Health is trying to keep our content as up-to-date as possible, we also encourage readers to stay informed on news and recommendations for their own communities by using the CDC, WHO, and their local public health department as resources.
", "result_title": "You Know Some Things About Some Things." }, { "result_starting_range": 7, "button": { "_type": "button", "title": "Stay Updated with Newsletters", "src": "https://x.specialoffers.meredith.com/ats/show.aspx?cr=588&fm=201®source=20571" }, "result_ending_range": 8, "result_description": "Terrific. Keep reading about COIVD-19 on Health.com and stay safe!
\nMore on COVID-19:
\nIs the Coronavirus Worse Than the Flu? Here’s How the Two Illnesses Compare
\nLiving Through a Pandemic: A Guide to Surviving the New Normal
\nCoronavirus 101: Symptoms, Transmission, Severity and More
\nWhile Health is trying to keep our content as up-to-date as possible, we also encourage readers to stay informed on news and recommendations for their own communities by using the CDC, WHO, and their local public health department as resources.
", "result_title": "You Are Certified to Debate on Social Media." }, { "result_starting_range": 9, "button": { "_type": "button", "title": "Sign Up for Newsletters", "src": "https://x.specialoffers.meredith.com/ats/show.aspx?cr=588&fm=201®source=20571" }, "result_ending_range": 10, "result_description": "You are definitely in the know! Keep coming back to Health.com for the latest information.
\nMore on COVID-19:
\nIs the Coronavirus Worse Than the Flu? Here’s How the Two Illnesses Compare
\nLiving Through a Pandemic: A Guide to Surviving the New Normal
\nCoronavirus 101: Symptoms, Transmission, Severity and More
\nWhile Health is trying to keep our content as up-to-date as possible, we also encourage readers to stay informed on news and recommendations for their own communities by using the CDC, WHO, and their local public health department as resources.
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