研究发现，痴呆症患者感染covid -19的可能性是正常人的两倍
他们也更有可能患上严重疾病，导致住院或死亡。
这一消息来自于2月9日发表在阿尔茨海默氏症和老年痴呆症该研究发现，与正常人相比，痴呆症患者感染COVID-19和经历严重疾病的风险更高。
在这项研究中，凯斯西储大学的研究人员分析了2020年2月1日至8月21日期间美国18岁及以上人群的近6190万份电子健康记录。这些数据来自50个州的360家医院和31.7万名医疗服务提供者，占美国人口的五分之一。
根据这项研究，老年人、生活在疗养院以及患有哮喘、糖尿病、心血管疾病和肥胖等疾病是已知的COVID-19的风险因素。但即使在对这些因素进行调整后，研究人员发现，患有痴呆症的美国人感染COVID-19的可能性仍然是没有痴呆症的人的两倍。至于患有严重疾病的COVID-19痴呆症患者，研究人员发现，他们在大流行的前六个月内住院的可能性是正常人的2.2倍，死于这种疾病的可能性是正常人的4.4倍。
资深作者表示，人们一直在猜测，在整个大流行期间，痴呆症患者是否更容易感染COVID-19并受到严重伤害，所以这项研究的发现并不令人意外荣旭，博士，告诉健康．
作者通过其记录中列出的痴呆症类型细分患者，发现血管痴呆的人比指定具有阿尔茨海默病或其他类型的人的感染风险更大。这就是了解痴呆症是痴呆症是一般术语，以便在心理能力下降 - 包括记忆，推理和其他思维技能 - 严重，足以干扰日常生活。虽然阿尔茨海默氏症是痴呆症最常见的原因是一种特异性疾病，但痴呆症不是，说阿尔茨海默氏症协会．
血管性痴呆(VaD)是由损害血管和减少或阻碍流向大脑的血液的条件引起的，例如中风阻塞动脉，或高血压随着时间的推移会损害血管威尔神经科学研究所．该研究的作者指出，不同类型的痴呆症有显著的重叠，许多患者同时具有VaD病理和阿尔茨海默病病理，这可能不会在电子记录中指定。
研究人员还研究了种族差异，发现患有COVID-19和痴呆症的黑人住院的可能性是同时患有这两种疾病的白人的三倍。虽然他们没有发现患有痴呆症的黑人和白人COVID-19患者的死亡率有显著差异，但他们承认，分析的死亡人数(170)可能太小，无法得出实质性结论。
“我们认为，社会经济和行为因素可能在这方面发挥了重要作用，”凯斯西储大学生物医学信息学教授徐说。“然而，由于患者电子健康记录中获取的社会经济和行为信息有限，我们无法对此进行测试。”
的事实数据只反映了人与卫生保健系统,因此不包括病人发现更难以获得卫生保健由于社会隔离或财务困难,意味着可能会有一个更大的感染风险COVID-19对于痴呆。
“这是一项非常有趣的研究，”约书亚Chodosh，MD，Michael L. Freedman of Gerirtic Research and Geriatric Medical和Geriatric Medical董事教授，在Nyu Grossman医学院，讲述了健康．Chodosh博士指出，与呆在家里生病和/或死于痴呆症的人相比，在检测上可能存在偏差，因为更多的痴呆症患者可能会去医院就诊。他说:“在家的人不会经常被发现。”
然而，Chodosh博士还指出，如果有人有痴呆症，戴着面具并遵守社会疏散将更加困难。“此外，如果您的残疾需要护理人员密切接触，风险和反复暴露可能会增加疾病和疾病严重程度的风险，”他补充道。
Chodosh博士说:“如果由于痴呆症而需要日常生活活动援助，就会增加与他人密切接触的需要和感染的风险。”“这对洗澡、穿衣、上厕所和吃饭等需要帮助的人来说是正确的。”
正如乔多什博士解释的那样，随着痴呆症的出现，在行为方面会出现更大的困难，因此引入新行为(例如，降低感染COVID-19的风险)非常具有挑战性。他说:“误解别人为什么戴口罩的可能性也会更大，如果戴了口罩，识别其他人甚至可能是家人的难度也会更大——这对戴口罩是一个障碍。”这本身可能会加剧行为问题。
徐希望研究结果将鼓励广泛采用疫苗接种和保护措施，如为护理人员和痴呆症患者戴口罩。
截至发稿时，这篇报道中的信息是准确的。然而，随着围绕COVID-19的形势继续发展，一些数据可能自发布以来发生了变化。在《健康》杂志努力使我们的故事尽可能最新的同时，我们也鼓励读者通过使用疾病预防控制中心，谁以及当地的公共卫生部门作为资源。
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