呼吸机的作用是什么?它如何帮助冠状病毒感染者?
一些感染COVID-19的人将需要依靠这台机器来生存。
迄今为止，美国确诊的冠状病毒病例超过4万例已有488人死亡. 但随着未来几天病例数量的激增，专家们警告说有一个严重的问题：需要呼吸机维持生命的患者缺乏呼吸机。
的重症监护医学学会（SCCM）估计，美国至少有95万名冠状病毒患者可能需要呼吸机。然而，根据SCCM，这些国家的医院之间只有160000台这样的机器。
呼吸机到底是什么，为什么现在这么需要它?
呼吸机(也被称为机械呼吸机、呼吸器或呼吸机)是一种生命支持治疗，帮助人们在自己不能呼吸时呼吸，《每日邮报》说美国胸科学会．这台机器将氧气送入肺部和身体，并帮助通过肺部排出二氧化碳。
呼吸机通过一根插入患者口腔或鼻子并插入气管的管子与患者相连（这一过程称为插管）。在某些情况下，患者通过手术在颈部打一个洞，然后通过这个洞将气管造口术或“气管”管插入气管。然后呼吸机将气体（包括空气和氧气，如果需要）吹入患者的肺部。
根据美国胸科学会的说法，呼吸机可以帮助患者完成全部或部分呼吸，它优于面罩和其他设备，因为它可以提供更高水平的氧气。它还可以提供呼气末正压（PEEP），帮助保持肺部打开，使气囊不会塌陷。如果患者有轻微咳嗽，气管中的导管也会使粘液更容易排出。
的疾病控制和预防中心（CDC）本月早些时候表示，在中国（新冠肺炎爆发的第一个震中）重症监护病房收治的危重患者中，47-71%的患者接受了机械通气。毫无疑问，随着震中转移到美国，呼吸机对许多患者的生存至关重要。
“在某些COVID-19患者中，病毒感染会导致肺炎和严重炎症，削弱肺部功能，”哈佛大学培训的内科专家威廉•李医学博士,告诉健康。“在这些患者中，有一台呼吸机支持他们，可能会决定他们的生死。”
当治疗新冠病毒-19患者时，呼吸机允许医疗团队支持他们的呼吸功能。“即使肺功能衰竭，呼吸机也能提供足够的支持，为医疗团队赢得足够的时间来帮助患者克服感染，直到他们自己的肺能够恢复功能，”李博士说。
一般来说，医院在任何时候都只有有限的呼吸机供应。“当大量患者涌入ICU，并且每个人都需要呼吸机时，大多数医疗中心将无法满足压倒性的需求，”李博士说。“这是一个真正的危机，如果没有更多的呼吸机就无法解决。如果没有呼吸机，肺衰竭的新冠肺炎患者将窒息而死。”
现在，更多的呼吸机正在满足日益增长的需求。唐纳德·特朗普总统敦促福特和通用汽车等主要制造商开始生产通风机。今天，特斯拉的首席执行官埃隆·马斯克宣布购买1200台呼吸机据报道，中国生产的产品将分发到全国各地的医院《今日美国》．
截至发稿时，这篇报道中的信息是准确的。然而，随着围绕COVID-19的形势继续发展，一些数据可能自发布以来发生了变化。在《健康》杂志努力使我们的故事尽可能最新的同时，我们也鼓励读者通过使用疾病预防控制中心，谁以及当地的公共卫生部门作为资源。
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", "gate": "none", "intro_page": true, "uuid": "c5d20a0c-6b54-4691-ac5b-7362b5c9e58c", "brand": "health", "headline": "Quiz: How Much Do You Know About Coronavirus?", "results": [ { "result_starting_range": 0, "button": { "_type": "button", "title": "Start Learning More", "src": "https://x.specialoffers.meredith.com/ats/show.aspx?cr=588&fm=201®source=20571" }, "result_ending_range": 3, "result_description": "Time to bone up on the basic facts about COVID-19. Check out our COVID-19 condition center and subscribe to our daily Healthy Living newsletter and never miss an update.
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