什么是干咳?专家解释冠状病毒症状
这和你以前的咳嗽有什么不同呢?
你已经听到了典型的例子症状现在:发烧,呼吸急促（气促）干咳——大约80%的人患有COVID-19，由新型冠状病毒引起的疾病(SARS-CoV-2)，根据研究，只有那些轻微的症状。虽然其中一个症状——咳嗽——听起来很容易诊断，但很多人都在质疑干咳到底是什么，以及它与其他咳嗽有什么不同。
基本上，干咳是“咳嗽时没有粘液或痰”，Subinoy Das,医学博士他是俄亥俄州的耳鼻喉科医生，也是美国高级鼻窦护理与研究协会的医学主任健康。相反，湿咳嗽“是一种充满粘液或粘液的咳嗽，人们可以感觉到粘液在他们的支气管或喉咙里移动，”他说，并补充说，“粘液随着每次(湿)咳嗽排出或离开胸部。”
干咳听起来也可能和湿咳不同。“它有一种非常一致的声音，”达斯博士说——通常是由喉咙后部的发痒引发的，伴随着吠叫或嘶哑的声音。这是因为“呼吸道不会随着咳嗽而不断变化，”达斯医生说。(湿咳嗽时，粘液会堆积，然后离开，不断改变呼吸道。)他解释说，虽然干咳不一定会痛，但它们是“令人不满意的咳嗽，因为粘液或痰不会排出声带。”尽管如此，咳嗽会变得非常剧烈，以至于患者可能会伤害自己的肋骨或肋间肌肉(肋骨之间的肌肉)。
然而，重要的是要记住，干咳可能是多种其他疾病的症状——不仅仅是covid -19，包括过敏、哮喘、支气管炎或其他典型疾病普通感冒，根据美国过敏，哮喘和免疫学院．然而，达斯医生解释说，如果你有任何与COVID-19相关的其他症状，比如发烧、无法解释的味觉或嗅觉丧失，或腹泻等胃肠道问题，你应该打电话给你的医生，询问是否进行冠状病毒检测。
You might have wild dreams when you're ill—fever can do that. But bizarre or emotionally intense fever dreams are not recognized as a symptom of COVID-19.
" }, { "answer_choices": [ { "answer_title": "Wear a mask", "correct_answer": false, "answer_id": "A1", "answer_value": 0, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 7042, "lastModified": "2021-08-24T03:42:05.000Z" } }, { "answer_title": "Wash your hands", "correct_answer": false, "answer_id": "A2", "answer_value": 0, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 42290, "lastModified": "2021-08-24T00:22:13.000Z" } }, { "answer_title": "Maintain social distance from others", "correct_answer": false, "answer_id": "A3", "answer_value": 0, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 6366, "lastModified": "2021-08-24T02:06:47.000Z" } }, { "answer_title": "Wipe down groceries packaged in cardboard or plastic wrap with bleach", "correct_answer": true, "answer_id": "A4", "answer_value": 1, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 56436, "lastModified": "2021-08-24T08:47:04.000Z" } } ], "answer_type": "text", "question_title": "To slow the spread of COVID-19, don't do this:", "question_id": "Q3", "answer_description": "CDC specifically warns against using disinfecting products on food or food packaging. You don't want to accidentally taint your food. Plus, the risk of COVID-19 from handling or consuming food is thought to be low. Use disinfectants like bleach to wipe down tables, countertops, and faucets
" }, { "answer_choices": [ { "answer_title": "A multi-layer medical procedure mask (aka a surgical mask or disposable face mask)", "correct_answer": false, "answer_id": "A1", "answer_value": 0, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 9015, "lastModified": "2021-08-24T08:47:04.000Z" } }, { "answer_title": "A mask with a vent or valve", "correct_answer": true, "answer_id": "A2", "answer_value": 1, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 80140, "lastModified": "2021-08-24T08:34:48.000Z" } }, { "answer_title": "A cloth mask made of two or more breathable, washable layers", "correct_answer": false, "answer_id": "A3", "answer_value": 0, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 17669, "lastModified": "2021-08-24T06:08:27.000Z" } }, { "answer_title": "A cloth mask over a surgical mask", "correct_answer": false, "answer_id": "A4", "answer_value": 0, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 5309, "lastModified": "2021-08-24T08:14:31.000Z" } } ], "answer_type": "text", "question_title": "Which masking option is least effective for stopping the spread of COVID-19?", "question_id": "Q4", "answer_description": "If your mask has a vent or valve, respiratory particles may escape and reach other people. Opt instead for a well-fitting mask with multiple layers, or wear a cloth mask over a disposable mask to secure the underlying mask to your face.
" }, { "answer_choices": [ { "answer_title": "Anal swab testing", "correct_answer": true, "answer_id": "A1", "answer_value": 1, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 95471, "lastModified": "2021-08-24T08:47:04.000Z" } }, { "answer_title": "Nasal swab testing", "correct_answer": false, "answer_id": "A2", "answer_value": 0, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 11434, "lastModified": "2021-08-24T07:13:36.000Z" } }, { "answer_title": "Saliva testing", "correct_answer": false, "answer_id": "A3", "answer_value": 0, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 3092, "lastModified": "2021-08-24T03:42:05.000Z" } }, { "answer_title": "Throat swab testing", "correct_answer": false, "answer_id": "A4", "answer_value": 0, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 2136, "lastModified": "2021-08-24T03:34:41.000Z" } } ], "answer_type": "text", "question_title": "Which COVID-19 screening method is not routinely in use in the US?", "question_id": "Q5", "answer_description": "Most diagnostic tests rely on mucus collected from your nose or throat, and some use saliva that you spit into a test tube. While China is using anal swab testing, that method hasn't caught on in the US.
" }, { "answer_choices": [ { "answer_title": "2 to 12 hours", "correct_answer": false, "answer_id": "A1", "answer_value": 0, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 5086, "lastModified": "2021-08-24T06:14:14.000Z" } }, { "answer_title": "3 days", "correct_answer": false, "answer_id": "A2", "answer_value": 0, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 24214, "lastModified": "2021-08-24T08:14:31.000Z" } }, { "answer_title": "14 days", "correct_answer": true, "answer_id": "A3", "answer_value": 1, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 82027, "lastModified": "2021-08-24T08:47:04.000Z" } }, { "answer_title": "30 days", "correct_answer": false, "answer_id": "A4", "answer_value": 0, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 807, "lastModified": "2021-08-23T19:53:13.000Z" } } ], "answer_type": "text", "question_title": "How long is the incubation period—the amount time from when you are infected with the novel coronavirus to when you exhibit symptoms?", "question_id": "Q6", "answer_description": "The incubation is thought to be 14 days, with a median of 4 to 5 days. (But keep in mind that some people never develop symptoms).
" }, { "answer_choices": [ { "answer_title": "A variant", "correct_answer": true, "answer_id": "A1", "answer_value": 1, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 73830, "lastModified": "2021-08-24T08:47:04.000Z" } }, { "answer_title": "A high viral load", "correct_answer": false, "answer_id": "A2", "answer_value": 0, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 9462, "lastModified": "2021-08-24T00:30:45.000Z" } }, { "answer_title": "A vaccine", "correct_answer": false, "answer_id": "A3", "answer_value": 0, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 11353, "lastModified": "2021-08-24T02:06:47.000Z" } }, { "answer_title": "Another virus, like influenza", "correct_answer": false, "answer_id": "A4", "answer_value": 0, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 17489, "lastModified": "2021-08-23T04:48:13.000Z" } } ], "answer_type": "text", "question_title": "A mutated version of the virus that causes COVID-19 is called:", "question_id": "Q7", "answer_description": "Variants of the virus that causes COVID-19 have been identified in the US and around the world. Scientists are studying these variants to learn how they spread and whether current vaccines will protect against them.
" }, { "answer_choices": [ { "answer_title": "Researchers have coined the term \"coronaphobia\" to describe the fear of contracting COVID-19", "correct_answer": false, "answer_id": "A1", "answer_value": 0, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 8989, "lastModified": "2021-08-24T04:09:08.000Z" } }, { "answer_title": "The virus that causes COVID-19 can sometimes spread through tiny airborne particles", "correct_answer": false, "answer_id": "A2", "answer_value": 0, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 14466, "lastModified": "2021-08-24T08:29:20.000Z" } }, { "answer_title": "The term \"long-haulers\" refers to people who experience long-term coronavirus symptoms", "correct_answer": false, "answer_id": "A3", "answer_value": 0, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 5903, "lastModified": "2021-08-24T03:42:05.000Z" } }, { "answer_title": "COVID-19 is just like having the seasonal flu", "correct_answer": true, "answer_id": "A4", "answer_value": 1, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 82777, "lastModified": "2021-08-24T08:47:04.000Z" } } ], "answer_type": "text", "question_title": "Which of the following statements is false?", "question_id": "Q8", "answer_description": "Early on, some people speculated that the novel coronavirus would behave like the seasonal flu. Now we know COVID-19 is much more contagious and spreads more rapidly than influenza.
" }, { "answer_choices": [ { "answer_title": "Women who want to become pregnant some day", "correct_answer": false, "answer_id": "A1", "answer_value": 0, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 10963, "lastModified": "2021-08-24T01:47:11.000Z" } }, { "answer_title": "Anyone who has had a severe allergic reaction (anaphylaxis) to any vaccine ingredient", "correct_answer": true, "answer_id": "A2", "answer_value": 1, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 59962, "lastModified": "2021-08-24T08:34:48.000Z" } }, { "answer_title": "People who have recovered from COVID-19", "correct_answer": false, "answer_id": "A3", "answer_value": 0, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 9749, "lastModified": "2021-08-24T00:01:19.000Z" } }, { "answer_title": "People with underlying medical conditions", "correct_answer": false, "answer_id": "A4", "answer_value": 0, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 31460, "lastModified": "2021-08-24T08:47:04.000Z" } } ], "answer_type": "text", "question_title": "Who should not get a COVID-19 vaccine?", "question_id": "Q9", "answer_description": "CDC does not recommend COVID vaccination if you've had a severe allergic reaction to any COVID vaccine ingredient. Contact your doctor if you have questions about whether it's safe for you to be vaccinated.
" }, { "answer_choices": [ { "answer_title": "You can't get COVID-19 from a COVID-19 shot", "correct_answer": false, "answer_id": "A1", "answer_value": 0, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 17427, "lastModified": "2021-08-24T08:34:48.000Z" } }, { "answer_title": "Side effects are generally mild and short-lived", "correct_answer": false, "answer_id": "A2", "answer_value": 0, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 6916, "lastModified": "2021-08-24T04:40:56.000Z" } }, { "answer_title": "It can take a few weeks after getting vaccinated for your body to build immunity to the virus", "correct_answer": false, "answer_id": "A3", "answer_value": 0, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 4179, "lastModified": "2021-08-24T02:09:23.000Z" } }, { "answer_title": "None of the above", "correct_answer": true, "answer_id": "A4", "answer_value": 1, "$vf_selected_count": { "value": 83612, "lastModified": "2021-08-24T08:47:04.000Z" } } ], "answer_type": "text", "question_title": "Which of the following statements about COVID-19 are false?", "question_id": "Q10", "answer_description": "Vaccination is safe, effective, and an important tool for beating the pandemic.
" } ], "description": "News about the novel coronavirus is breaking nearly 24-7, which makes it challenging at best to keep up with the latest scientific evidence, especially when you're bombarded by false or misleading claims on social media. So how much do you really know about COVID-19? Take our quiz to gauge how knowledgeable you are.
", "gate": "none", "intro_page": true, "uuid": "c5d20a0c-6b54-4691-ac5b-7362b5c9e58c", "brand": "health", "headline": "Quiz: How Much Do You Know About Coronavirus?", "results": [ { "result_starting_range": 0, "button": { "_type": "button", "title": "Start Learning More", "src": "https://x.specialoffers.meredith.com/ats/show.aspx?cr=588&fm=201®source=20571" }, "result_ending_range": 3, "result_description": "Time to bone up on the basic facts about COVID-19. Check out our COVID-19 condition center and subscribe to our daily Healthy Living newsletter and never miss an update.
\nMore on COVID-19:
\nIs the Coronavirus Worse Than the Flu? Here's How the Two Illnesses Compare
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\nWhile Health is trying to keep our content as up-to-date as possible, we also encourage readers to stay informed on news and recommendations for their own communities by using the CDC, WHO, and their local public health department as resources.
", "result_title": "Not Much." }, { "result_starting_range": 4, "button": { "_type": "button", "title": "Learn Some More", "src": "https://x.specialoffers.meredith.com/ats/show.aspx?cr=588&fm=201®source=20571" }, "result_ending_range": 6, "result_description": "Not bad, but there’s much more to know about this illness. Subscribe to our daily Healthy Living newsletter and never miss an update.
\nMore on COVID-19:
\nIs the Coronavirus Worse Than the Flu? Here’s How the Two Illnesses Compare
\nLiving Through a Pandemic: A Guide to Surviving the New Normal
\nCoronavirus 101: Symptoms, Transmission, Severity and More
\nWhile Health is trying to keep our content as up-to-date as possible, we also encourage readers to stay informed on news and recommendations for their own communities by using the CDC, WHO, and their local public health department as resources.
", "result_title": "You Know Some Things About Some Things." }, { "result_starting_range": 7, "button": { "_type": "button", "title": "Stay Updated with Newsletters", "src": "https://x.specialoffers.meredith.com/ats/show.aspx?cr=588&fm=201®source=20571" }, "result_ending_range": 8, "result_description": "Terrific. Keep reading about COIVD-19 on Health.com and stay safe!
\nMore on COVID-19:
\nIs the Coronavirus Worse Than the Flu? Here’s How the Two Illnesses Compare
\nLiving Through a Pandemic: A Guide to Surviving the New Normal
\nCoronavirus 101: Symptoms, Transmission, Severity and More
\nWhile Health is trying to keep our content as up-to-date as possible, we also encourage readers to stay informed on news and recommendations for their own communities by using the CDC, WHO, and their local public health department as resources.
", "result_title": "You Are Certified to Debate on Social Media." }, { "result_starting_range": 9, "button": { "_type": "button", "title": "Sign Up for Newsletters", "src": "https://x.specialoffers.meredith.com/ats/show.aspx?cr=588&fm=201®source=20571" }, "result_ending_range": 10, "result_description": "You are definitely in the know! Keep coming back to Health.com for the latest information.
\nMore on COVID-19:
\nIs the Coronavirus Worse Than the Flu? Here’s How the Two Illnesses Compare
\nLiving Through a Pandemic: A Guide to Surviving the New Normal
\nCoronavirus 101: Symptoms, Transmission, Severity and More
\nWhile Health is trying to keep our content as up-to-date as possible, we also encourage readers to stay informed on news and recommendations for their own communities by using the CDC, WHO, and their local public health department as resources.
", "result_title": "You're a Know-it-All! " } ], "pqt_id": "cms/onecms_posts_health_7836984", "content_cms_id": "7743751", "registration_source": 20566, "amp_headline": "Quiz: How Much Do You Know About Coronavirus?", "type": "node-interactive-content", "meta": { "pinterest:media": "//www.dhljerseys.com/img/misc/og-generic.png", "og:image": "//www.dhljerseys.com/img/misc/og-generic.png", "og:image:width": null, "og:image:height": null, "twitter:image": "//www.dhljerseys.com/img/misc/og-generic.png", "description": "Quiz: How Much Do You Know About Coronavirus?" }, "social_headline": "Quiz: How Much Do You Know About Coronavirus?", "seo_headline": "Quiz: How Much Do You Know About Coronavirus?" }" data-cms-id="7836984" id="c5d20a0c-6b54-4691-ac5b-7362b5c9e58c">而疾病控制和预防中心医生建议用咳嗽药、增湿器和止咳药水来缓解流感引起的干咳的不适。Das博士指出，目前没有医学上证实的方法来减少COVID-19引起的干咳，但有症状的人也可以使用上述方法来帮助缓解它们。达斯医生还建议用蒸汽淋浴，“这有助于稀释鼻子或鼻咽中积聚的粘液，而粘液可能会加重患者的咳嗽。”如果你的冠状病毒检测呈阳性，或者你认为自己患有冠状病毒，有必要自我隔离，这样你就不会让周围的人也生病。
截至发稿时，这篇报道中的信息是准确的。然而，随着围绕COVID-19的形势继续发展，一些数据可能自发布以来发生了变化。在《健康》杂志努力使我们的故事尽可能最新的同时，我们也鼓励读者通过使用疾病预防控制中心，谁以及当地的公共卫生部门作为资源。
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